Bilirubin is a waste product derived from the breakdown of old red blood cells. As these cells reach the end of their life cycle, they are broken down, and their components, including bilirubin, are transported to the liver for processing. Bilirubin is then mixed with other waste products in bile, which is eventually expelled from the body through the intestines, giving bile and feces their yellowish color. This total protein test is commonly included in routine physical checkups. Additionally, it may be requested if you experience unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or symptoms indicative of kidney or liver issues.

A bilirubin blood test is a diagnostic tool used to measure the levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream. During the test, a healthcare provider takes a small blood sample from a vein and sends it to a laboratory for analysis. Normal bilirubin levels indicate that the process of breaking down and eliminating old red blood cells is functioning properly. Abnormal levels, either high or low, can signify underlying health issues such as liver disease, hemolytic anemia, or bile duct obstruction, prompting further investigation and treatment if necessary.

Why is the test performed?

A bilirubin or liver test is performed for various reasons related to liver health and overall well-being:

• Investigating jaundice: High bilirubin levels cause jaundice, which is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. Testing helps identify and monitor this condition, especially in newborns with infant jaundice.

• Assessing bile duct blockages: Elevated bilirubin levels may indicate blockages in the bile ducts within the liver or gallbladder.

• Detecting liver disease: Bilirubin testing aids in diagnosing liver diseases like hepatitis and monitoring disease progression.

• Evaluating anemia: Bilirubin levels can indicate hemolytic anemia, where red blood cells are destroyed faster than produced.

• Monitoring treatment: Bilirubin testing tracks the effectiveness of treatments for liver conditions or anemia.

Additionally, other tests like liver function tests, albumin and total protein levels, complete blood count, and prothrombin time may be performed simultaneously to provide a comprehensive assessment of liver function, blood health, and clotting abilities.

How is the test performed?

During a bilirubin blood test for adults, a healthcare provider will typically draw a blood sample from a vein in your arm. They may ask you to fast for a few hours beforehand to ensure accurate results. Using a hollow needle, they will extract a small amount of blood into a vial. You might feel a brief prick or sting during this process, which usually takes only a few minutes. The collected sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis, and you can expect to receive the results later.

For newborns with jaundice, Dr. A.S. Soin will also perform a bilirubin test but using a different method. They will use a sterile lancet to prick the newborn’s heel, known as a “heel stick,” to obtain a small blood sample. This heel stick procedure is a standard way of screening newborns for various conditions, including elevated bilirubin levels that could be concerning if too high.

What causes high bilirubin levels (hyperbilirubinemia)?

High bilirubin levels, known as hyperbilirubinemia, can stem from various factors affecting the production, processing, or excretion of bilirubin:

• Excessive Red Blood Cell Breakdown: Hyperbilirubinemia can result from conditions like hemolytic anemia, where red blood cells are destroyed at an accelerated rate, leading to increased bilirubin production.
• Liver Dysfunction: When the liver is unable to process bilirubin efficiently, either due to acute toxic overload or chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis or hepatitis, bilirubin levels can rise in the bloodstream.
• Biliary System Obstruction: Blockages in the bile ducts or gallbladder, caused by conditions like gallstones, tumors, or biliary strictures, can hinder the clearance of bile, leading to bilirubin accumulation.

Conversely, low bilirubin levels (hypobilirubinemia) are less common but can occur due to certain medications, including antibiotics, birth control pills, sleeping pills, and seizure medications. These drugs can affect bilirubin production or metabolism, resulting in decreased levels. In most cases, low bilirubin levels caused by medication use do not typically pose a significant health concern.

Monitoring bilirubin levels is crucial in diagnosing and managing liver and biliary disorders, ensuring timely intervention and appropriate treatment to maintain optimal liver function and overall health; therefore, you should visit Dr. A.S. Soin today to get your levels checked through a protein test.

What does Normal and Abnormal Results mean?

Normal bilirubin levels are essential for healthy liver function. In adults, the typical range for bilirubin levels is as follows:

• Direct (conjugated) bilirubin: less than 0.3 mg/dL (less than 5.1 µmol/L)
• Total bilirubin: 0.1 to 1.2 mg/dL (1.71 to 20.5 µmol/L)

These values can vary slightly depending on the laboratory’s measurement techniques. Newborns often have higher bilirubin levels initially, which typically normalize after a few days. However, elevated bilirubin levels can indicate various health issues:

1. Hemolytic Anemia or Erythroblastosis Fetalis: Increased breakdown of red blood cells can elevate bilirubin levels.
2. Transfusion Reaction: When the immune system attacks transfused red blood cells, it can lead to jaundice.
3. Liver Conditions: Liver diseases like cirrhosis, hepatitis, or other liver disorders can impair bilirubin processing.
4. Gallbladder/Bile Duct Issues: Problems such as biliary stricture, gallstones, or pancreatic/gallbladder cancer can obstruct bile flow, raising bilirubin levels.

Monitoring bilirubin levels is crucial for diagnosing and managing these conditions. Professionals like Dr. A. S. Soin considers factors like the rate of increase, gestational age (in newborns), and overall health to determine the significance of elevated bilirubin levels. 

Experience the Difference with Dr. A.S Soin: Why Us?

Dr. A.S. Soin stands as a beacon of excellence in the realm of liver transplant surgery, showcasing unparalleled expertise and compassionate patient care. With a distinguished career spanning decades, Dr. Soin has garnered international recognition for his contributions to liver and protein tests, transplantation and hepatobiliary sciences.

Patients choose Dr. A.S. Soin for several compelling reasons:

1. World-Class Expertise: Dr. Soin is a pioneer in liver transplant surgery, having performed a vast number of successful surgeries with exceptional outcomes. His depth of knowledge and skill in complex hepatobiliary surgeries is unmatched.
2. Comprehensive Care: Dr. Soin’s approach encompasses holistic patient care, from initial consultation to post-operative recovery. He and his team ensure personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique needs.
3. Cutting-Edge Technology: Dr. Soin’s practice is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and the latest advancements in surgical techniques, ensuring optimal results and minimal invasiveness.
4. Global Recognition: As a leading authority in liver transplantation, Dr. Soin has earned accolades and awards globally, cementing his reputation as a top-tier transplant surgeon.
5. Patient-Centric Philosophy: Beyond medical expertise, Dr. Soin prioritizes empathy and open communication, fostering a supportive environment for patients and their families throughout their healthcare journey.

Visit us today and experience the transformative difference with Dr. A.S. Soin, where expertise, innovation, and compassionate care converge to redefine standards in liver function tests, transplantation, and hepatobiliary care.